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The 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade is a brigade-sized unit of the United States Marine Corps that is designed specifically to be an anti-terrorism unit. The mission of this unit is to be a quickly deployable unit to wherever needed in the world so they can fight terrorism and deter, detect and defend from terrorist groups both domestically and internationally. The unit became operational on 29 October 2001.〔Pike, John, "4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade (Antiterrorism)", Global Security.org〕 A Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB) is a smaller brigade of marines that can deploy quickly when they are needed.〔Traynham, Sgt. Stephen L., "4th MEB to deactivate", II Marine Expeditionary Force, U.S. Marine Corps website〕 All Marine Expeditionary Brigades are a part of a Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF).〔 The reason a MEB exists is that they are large enough to support themselves without needing help from local infrastructure. They are also small enough to transport easily, especially in amphibious mechanized landing craft. The 4th MEB is specifically trained to find and stop terrorist plots so civilians and other active military personnel stay safe. There are different types of the MEBs, and not all are anti-terrorism like the 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade. The MEBs are designed so no matter what mission comes up there is always a force that can handle that specific situation effectively.〔 ==History== The 4th MEB was formed during World War I as the 4th Marine Brigade. It served in France as one of the two infantry brigades of the U.S. Army 2nd Infantry Division and all Marine combat units in World War I were organized under the 4th Marine Brigade. The 4th fought actions at Belleau Wood, Soissons and Meuse-Argonne campaign.〔 Following World War I the brigade was inactivated until just before the commitment to the war in Vietnam in 1964. The brigade didn’t go to Vietnam though; it went to the east coast and Caribbean for counter insurgency exercises.〔 On the east coast it participated in the intervention in the Dominican Republic in 1965. In the 1970's, the 4th MEB's task changed from counter-terrorism to defending NATO's north flank against the Soviet Union. It was designated to reinforce Norwegian airfields and support a naval campaign to protect Norway.〔 The next major operation for the 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade was going to the Middle East for operation Desert Shield and Desert Storm in the 1990s. The main mission performed by the 4th MEB was Operation Eastern Exit which the brigade rescued the Soviet ambassador, the U.S. ambassador, and 300 other dignitaries from Mogadishu, Somalia. 〔〔 After a period of inactivation, the 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade (Anti-Terrorism) was reactivated on 29 October 2001 at ceremonies held at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina 〔Jones, 1st Lt. Charlie, "Marine Corps Brigade Reactivation", News Release, USMC, 4th MEB Public Information Office〕〔"Commandant activates 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade", News Release, USMC, Camp Lejeune Public Information Office〕〔Lynch, pp 1-11〕to combat domestic and international terrorism.〔Polmar (2005), p. 42.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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